Java EE 6 Tutorial Highlights

These are highlights from the Java EE 6 Tutorial located here.

Web components and static web content files, such as images, are called web resources. A web module is the smallest deployable and usable unit of web resources. A Java EE web module corresponds to a web application as defined in the Java Servlet specification.

In addition to web components and web resources, a web module can contain other files:

• Server-side utility classes, such as shopping carts


• Client-side classes, such as applets and utility classes

A web module has a specific structure. The top-level directory of a web module is the document root of the application. The document root is where XHTML pages, client-side classes and archives, and static web resources, such as images, are stored.

The document root contains a subdirectory named WEB-INF, which can contain the following files and directories:

• classes: A directory that contains server-side classes: servlets, enterprise bean class files, utility classes, and JavaBeans components


• tags: A directory that contains tag files, which are implementations of tag libraries


• lib: A directory that contains JAR files that contain enterprise beans, and JAR archives of libraries called by server-side classes


• Deployment descriptors, such as web.xml (the web application deployment descriptor) and ejb-jar.xml (an EJB deployment descriptor)

A web module needs a web.xml file if it uses JavaServer Faces technology, if it must specify certain kinds of security information, or if you want to override information specified by web component annotations.

You can also create application-specific subdirectories (that is, package directories) in either the document root or the WEB-INF/classes/ directory.

A web module can be deployed as an unpacked file structure or can be packaged in a JAR file known as a Web Archive (WAR) file. Because the contents and use of WAR files differ from those of JAR files, WAR file names use a .war extension. The web module just described is portable; you can deploy it into any web container that conforms to the Java Servlet specification.